The origin of the Kingdom of Navarre, clear precedent of the autonomous community, goes back to the Reconquest, in what the above mentioned kingdom occupies a geographical place between France, Castile, Aragon and the Basque Provinces. The Navarre Jurisdiction, obtained in s. VIII, was renewed in 1841, in what it is recognized as Law Paccionada or Agreement of Law. This way Navarre stayed as statutory province. Since then, the agreements have been updated with the Navarre Jurisdictions so that this community receives the name of Jurisdiction of Navarre.

Its landscape is characterized for big contrasts. From north to south, three areas can be divided the Mountain, the Navarre Media and the Rivera of the Ebro.

The Mountain is constituted by the Western Pyrenees and the Basque oriental Mounts. The valleys inside the mountain present different landscapes. This way we have for example, that of the Roncal, which is the most oriental valley, with long winters, abundant snowfall and soft and agreeable summers. It is a beautiful landscapes crossed by the river Esca.

The Navarre Media can be subdivided in a western zone, with center in Estella's city and in the eastern one that is centred around Tafalla and Sangüesa.

The Rivera is in the south of the region. It is possible to divide it in the Eastern Rivera, with center in Tudela and the Western one, which borders on La Rioja.

In Navarre we prune to find the same relief units that in the rest of the Pyrenees:

Axial Pyrenees, is the zone corresponding to the most ancient materials of the Pyrenees, composed by rigid materials, with a rejuvenation suffered in the Alpine orogenia of the tertiary Age. The materials that constitute it are: slates, granites and cuarcita.

Pre-Pyrenees, formed by two mountainous alignments, the exterior mountain ranges and the interior mountain ranges separated by a depression. The exterior mountain ranges are the last demonstrations of the Pyrenees, among which stands out Leyre's mountain range and that of Alaiz; the depression includes the Cuenca of Pamplona and of Lumbier; and the interior mountain ranges are the closest to the axial Pyrenees.

It is a big contrasts region.

In the mountainous Navarre or Pirenaica, gives a proper mountain climate with long and big snowed winters. The frosts are a constant almost the whole year.

In the northwest of Navarre we find an oceanic climate or Atlantic, with rainfalls upper the 1000 mm/year. The city of Pamplona marks the transition between the oceanic climate of Basque type and the continental Mediterranean of the Ebro Depression.

The Navarra Media has a continental Mediterranean climate, with cold winters and warm summers.

There are big woodlands in the northern zone, with coniferous and leafy forests (beeches and oaks). The natural pastures and the moorlands of heathers cover great part of the surface in where the forest catches on. Towards the south Mediterranean species begin to appear as the oak, and shrubs as the rosemary or the box.

The region rivers have an Pyrenean origin, and they are going to end to the left margin of the river Ebro. We prune to mention, among others, the Ega, the Arga and the Aragon. Navarre is not a region with water problems